The article is devoted to the 90th anniversary of the founding of the state scientific institution "Institute for Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus". The main directions of scientific, scientifictechnical and innovative activities of the Institute are given, as well as the most important scientific results obtained in the last decade, the practical implementation of the created developments is reflected. Information is provided on participation in the implementation of state programs of various types, including programs (subprograms), for which the Institute is currently the lead executing organization, ensuring control over the efficiency and effectiveness of their implementation. Information about the scientific schools formed and developed by the leading scientists of the Institute is given, scientific specialties are presented, in which highly qualified personnel are trained in postgraduate and doctoral studies at the Institute. The immediate prospects for the development of the organization are outlined.

The review of the results according to the research methods of the characteristics of heat and mass transfer during rocks freezing and the modelling of rocks is given in the article. In the direction of technological developments the plant for thermochemical proceeding of combustible shale and other materials by the pyrolysis method is represented. The way of utilization of polymeric wastes by the pyrolysis of peat and polymeric compositions is proposed.

The rheological research of leaching disperses of peat of different content are held. It is revealed that the degree of decomposition has the greatest impact to all rheological parameters of peat and leaching suspensions. The content of humic substances, ash elements, and also non-hydrolyzed substances in it has stronger influence on the structure durability of peat disperses. The results on the study on colloidal and chemical features and the content of functional groups of humic peat substance are given. The research results on the use of ash from peat burning and the sediment of the systems of wet dedusting as raw for new materials production.

The results of research in the field of the use and protection of peat and sapropel deposits, carried out within the framework of the State Scientific and Technical Program and the State Program of Scientific Research in 2018–2022, are presented. The prospects and problems of the use of deposits with especially valuable types of raw materials for products obtaining of complex processing are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the large peat deposits - Slavnoe and Esmonovsky Mokh, which are promising for development. The resources and regularities of organic sapropel placement under peat deposits are revealed. The characteristics of technical and technological solutions in the development of sapropel and peat deposits are given. The list of objects on the used results of scientific studies is given.

A brief analysis of the significant geological results of the last period obtained at the Institute of Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, presented in the form of two blocks, including projects of fundamental and applied importance, is given. The fundamental developments of this period include studies on the fault tectonics of Belarus, synrift geodynamics of the Pripyat trough, the ecological and tectonophysical environment of Belarus, suture zones on the territory of Belarus, a geological and geophysical model of the deep structure of the Earth's crust according to the Georift-2013 profile, unconventional sources of hydrocarbon raw materials of Belarus. Among the developments of an applied nature are the creation of a model of the oil and geological zoning of the Pripyat trough, the justification of studies on the geological and geophysical profile "Vostochny", the features of the manifestation of natural mercury in the geological environment, the justification of oil work on Poznyakevichskaya Square and systematic studies of priority areas of the Pripyat trough, geological and geophysical studies on the Vechernegorskaya area of Antarctica.

The main results of scientific studies in the area of modern geodynamics and paleogeography of the Cenozoic obtained for the recent fifteen years are given in the article. The schemes of their area distribution are created on the base of the indicates study of modern endogenic and technogenic processes, the influence of geological factors on population dwelling comfort is characterized, the geochemical background of the quaternary sediments and radon field on the territory of Belarus are characterized. The palynological data for the sediments of the Muravinsky Interglacial and the Late Glacial-Holocene are obtained in the frameworks of the study of the dynamics of the adjoined regions of Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, the paleorelief and paleolandscape of the optimal phases of the named time intervals of the quarter are reconstructed, corresponding chronostratigraphic schemes are developed and approved, the interregional chronostratigraphic and paleoclimatic correlation of paleogeografic events of the Pleistocene and the Late Glacial-Holocene to the adjacent regions to Belarus is done.

Two approaches are proposed for updating the geophysical characteristics of the surface (land use, albedo, leaf index, fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model for the territory of Belarus: updating the monthly averages based on modern Earth remote sensing databases GLASS (Global Land Surface Satellite), GLC2019 (Global Land Cover, 2019); daily update based on operational MODIS satellite composite products. To estimate the impact of the initial geophysical data on the quality of numerical prediction of surface temperature, a number of numerical experiments were carried out to predict various synoptic situations in the summer period. To assess the influence of on the quality of the numerical prediction of the surface temperature, a number of numerical experiments were performed to predict various synoptic situations in the summer period. A correction factor for the land surface albedo in the WRF model was calculated, which makes it possible to reduce the root-mean-square error of temperature forecast for the lead time of +12, +24, +36 and +48 h by 0.30 ºС, 0.10 ºС, 0.15 ºС and 0.16 ºC respectively. In numerical experiments the initialization of the WRF model using operational satellite products had the most positive effect on the surface temperature forecast for nighttime periods: for the lead time of +24 and +48 h the standard error decreased by 0.11 ºС and 0.14 ºС respectively.

The article shows the possibility of using satellite information to assess the degree of eutrophication of the river. Pripyat. The period from April 2018 to March 2022 was considered. Pripyat is formed under the influence of natural factors (algorithms of group A) and anthropogenic influences (algorithms of group B). It has been established that in the intra-annual variability of chlorophyll-а concentration, there is a decrease in chlorophyll-а concentrations from September/October to December/January, and an increase in concentration from February/March to September/October. In the intra-annual section, the trophic status of the river. Pripyat according to the algorithms of group A mainly changes from α-eutrophic to β-eutrophic, and for group B it is polytrophic. In the long-term plan of variability of monthly averages, the trophic status of the river. Pripyat is mainly eutrophic in group A, and in group B it ranges from β-eutrophic to polytrophic. For the final conclusion about the degree of eutrophication of the river. Pripyat will need a longer observation period. Study of the spatial variability of the concentration of chlorophyll-а along the river. Pripyat did not identify statistically significant trends, but at the same time established the influence of inflows.

The results of the analysis of the current state and dynamics of concentrations of heavy metals and oil products in the soils of Belarusian cities for the period from 1990–1995 to 2016–2021 are presented. It is based on the soil monitoring data in the cities of Belarus within the framework of the National Environmental Monitoring System in the Republic of Belarus and the results of a detailed soil-geochemical survey of the city of Minsk, carried out by the authors in 1990. The dynamics of the content of chemicals in the soils of cities was assessed by comparing the average concentrations for individual cities over the period under review and with comparison of the concentrations of chemicals in soil samples taken at the same sampling sites in the city of Minsk over a nearly 30-year period. It has been established that for most cities there is a tendency to accumulate zinc and oil products in the soil cover. There is a decrease in the content of lead in the soil in 46 % of cities and an increase in its concentration in 19 % of cities are observed. Similar to lead dynamic is typical for copper content in urban soils. It is shown that the annual average increase in the content of zinc in the soils of Minsk is 0.57 mg/kg per year, while the annual average decrease in the content of lead is 0.22 mg/kg per year.

Information on the peculiarities of contaminant elements accumulation by cultivated and wild-growing plants in the zone of influence of Belinvesttorg-Splav LLC (Beloozersk), whose emissions into the air contain hazardous pollutants, including (heavy metals) HM, is presented. Analysis of the degree of elements accumulation by agricultural plants was carried out in comparison with subregional background values and permissible levels of veterinary and sanitary rules for ensuring the safety of feed, feed additives and raw materials for the production of mixed feed. As the main criterion for assessing the degree of contamination of HM leaves of wild plants, indicators of their background concentrations, as well as world averages, were used.

The established aero lead pollution of cultivated agricultural plants in the sanitary protection zone of BelinvesttorgSplav LLC and in the adjacent lands repeatedly exceeds the background and sanitary-hygienic values. Among the wild plant species studied the most sensitive indicators of aerogenic pollution are: among the woody plants – common pine (needles), in the group of bushes and shrubs – white mistletoe and common raspberry, among herbaceous plants – dioica nettle. Research results testify to the necessity of sanitary protection zone extension for Belinvesttorg-Splav LLC at least up to 1000 m (especially – according to the rose of prevailing winds) and cessation of agricultural activities within it.

The article is devoted to the results of the study in Belarus of the chemicals, additionally included in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) – ‘new’ POPs. The features of ‘new’ POPs and the problems of their identification are shown. The situation with industrial chemicals based on ‘new’ POPs in Belarus, including polybromodiphenyl esters, per- and polyfluorinated compounds, short-chain chlorinated paraffins, polychlorinated naphthalenes and other POPs is briefly described. Estimates of technogenic flows of polybromodiphenyl ethers in the composition of polymer waste of electrical and electronic equipment, including the volume of their annual formation on the territory of Belarus, are given. The list of scientific and methodological and regulatory technical documents for the regulation of POPs in Belarus, developed as part of the implementation of a number of activities of State scientific and technical programs, National plans and subprograms on the management of POPs, is given. Priority measures for the environmentally sound management of POPs, additionally included in the Convention, as well as the main directions of further research are identified.

Environmental pollution by persistent organic pollutants is an acute problem our days. The article is devoted to the development of information and methodological base for the assessment of unintentional emissions of pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), which was included in Annex C of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2009. Based on the analysis of scientific research on emissions of chlorobenzenes, emission factors for the main source categories were developed: waste incineration, metal production and cement production. Using the developed emission factors, the first assessment of the of unintentional PeCB emissions was made for Belarus. It is shown that the sources of unintentional emissions of PeCB in Belarus include waste incineration, cement and metal production. According to the assessment unintentional emissions of PeCB in 2020 were 11.43 kg.

An assessment of the actual organization of natural ecosystems in the suburban area of Minsk is given. Forests predominate among them. The distribution of forests shows an inverse dependence on the distance to the city. The forest cover is minimal in the 20-kilometer zone closest to the city, the fragmentation of forests, on the contrary, is the highest. This belt also accounts for the placement of most reservoirs for water management and recreational purposes. They are built on small rivers and have low resistance to external influences and high dependence on the ecological state of the catchment basins.

Perspective threats to natural ecosystems caused by an increase in anthropogenic loads on them due to the formation of the Minsk urban agglomeration, as well as climate change, have been identified. They will increase the risks of developing these ecosystems, air and water pollution, forest death, natural fires, anthropogenic eutrophication of water bodies, etc.

Priority directions for planning natural ecosystems, adequate to the long-term threats and environmental and resource needs of the city, are proposed. They include, firstly, the formation of a natural framework on their basis, the cores of which should be not only local specially protected natural areas, but also the main water bodies with adjacent forests, and secondly, the rationale for planning measures in relation to individual types natural ecosystems for various parts of the suburban area. For the part closest to the city, their preservation, ensuring interconnection and purposeful transformation are of priority importance, for the remote part – compliance with environmentally acceptable modes of use.

A brief description of the adverse consequences of the manifestation of water erosion of soils on the territory of Belarus is given. An integrated ecological and economic assessment of the extent of damage due to water erosion processes in the agricultural landscapes of the republic is proposed. The calculation of damage in value terms according to the data of the second round of the cadastral valuation of land is given on the example of arable lands of the Republican unitary enterprise "Uchkhoz BGSHA" of the Goretsky district of the Mogilev region.

The options for optimizing the anti-erosion structure of cultivated crops are determined on the basis of an ecological and economic assessment and agro-ecological grouping of working areas according to the magnitude of probable damage due to erosion, including lost profits from agricultural production.

The effect of stabilizing additives on the water resistance of granular organomineral fertilizers with a high potassium content has been studied. It is shown that the use of stabilizing additives (NH4)2CO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 in an amount of 2.5–5.0 % and a drying temperature of 120 ºC makes it possible to ensure the water resistance of granules up to 90 %, increases the transition of humic substances into a biologically active water-soluble form and reduces environmental pollution by plant nutrients. These additives contain components of nutrients for plant growth and development in their composition and do not lead to possible contamination of soils in comparison with polymer materials widely used for these purposes.

The peculiarities of the developments of modern biogenic geological processes on the territory of Central Belarus are considered in the article. The research grounded on the analysis of published scientific, cartographic and fund materials, field works, route observations and measuring, the materials of distance shooting. It is established that marshes formation is one of the most active indicating modern biogenic geological process, developing on the area around 8000 km2 and characterized by the accumulation of peat and the formation of the peculiar complex of phytogenic relief. Soils bogging develops on the area around 17 700 km2. The conditions and factors of biogenic and sediment- and morphogenesis are described. The accumulation of organogenic sediments (sapropel and peat) take their place also in basins of nature and artificial origin and till the present time leads to thicknesses formation with the capacity of mainly 3–5 m (up to 30 m). The role of geological activity of animals and plant organisms in the transformation of earth surface relies and the structure of rocks making it up is characterized.

A new methodological approach to the computational assessment of the interconnection between soils and water pollution is proposed, which consists in a set of digital relief maps and a hydrographic network for compiling hydroisogypse maps and infiltration coefficients of groundwater recharge. A brief description of the numerical geofiltration model of groundwater of the Novodvorskoye deposit of basalts and accompanying tuffs is given. The technology of implementation on the model of surface reservoirs and watercourses is presented. Within the simulated area, the natural resources of groundwater are estimated, the value of which is divided into groundwater runoff into rivers and groundwater discharge by evaporation. Based on the results of modeling the natural filtration of groundwater, the structure of the balance of groundwater and surface water was assessed, maps of hydroisohypses, depths of occurrence and intensity of infiltration recharge of groundwater were constructed.